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A (cuneiform)
The cuneiform sign for a, and in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'' the sumerogram A, Akkadian language for ''mû'',〔Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh'', Glossary, pp. 119-145, mû, p. 132.〕 "water", which is used in the ''Gilgamesh flood myth'', Chapter XI of the Epic, or other passages. The sign is also used extensively in the Amarna letters.
Cuneiform ''a'' is the most common of the 4-vowels in the Akkadian language, ''a'', ''e'', ''i'', and ''u''. All vowels can be interchangeable, depending on the scribe, though spellings of Akkadian words in dictionaries, will be formalized, and typically: unstressed, a 'long-vowel', or thirdly, a 'combined' vowel (often spelled with two signs (same vowel, ending the first sign, and starting the next sign), thus combined into the single vowel, ''â'', ''ê'', ''î'', or ''û''.). Cuneiform ''a'' is the most common of the four vowels, as can be shown by usage in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'', the usage numbers being (ú (u, no. 2) is more common than u, (no. 1), which has additional usages, numeral "10", and "and", "but", etc.): ''a''-(1369), ''e''-(327), ''i''-(698), ''ú''-(493). (For u, only: ''u''-(166));〔Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh'', Sign List, pp. 155-165, Signs a, e, i, ú, and u.〕 The usage for a, includes the usage for Akkadian ''a-na'', (''ana''),〔Parpola, 197l. ''The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh'', Glossary, pp. 119-145, ana, pp. 120-121.〕 the preposition, "for", "to", etc., about 250 usages (therefor usage: 1369-250).
==I-ligatured-a, as "ia", (iYa)==
The combined vowel ''i'', , connected (ligatured, attached to ''a'')-, ligatured to cuneiform ''a'' is the ia (cuneiform)--. It has usages in the Akkadian language for words starting with "ia", for example "iā'u", (English "mine"), "iāši", (English "(to) me"), and "iāti", (English "me").
In the Amarna letters ''ia'' is also used as a suffix: ''-ia'', for example Amarna letter EA 325, ''"To King (Pharaoh)-Lord-mine'' (-ia), ''God-mine'', ''Sun-God-mine'', ...." ("A-na Lugal-bēlu-ia, An-meš-ia, An-UTU-ia, ....")
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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